ABSTRACT Samudra Pasai in the line of its history was the first Islamic kingdom in Southeast Asia that grew and developed in the XIII-XV century. The chronology of the period was close to the date of the tsunami that occurred in 1394 and 1450 AD in Aceh. In the present, one part of the distribution of archaeological resources in the Samudra Pasai period in North Aceh, namely the Cot Sidi Abdullah Site, leaves only archaeological evidence with indications of catastrophic symptoms in the form of old building structures that have partially collapsed and buried sediment deposits below the soil surface. With an archaeological approach, this study will analyze the phenomenon through an analysis of the site's environment; stratigraphy and archaeological context; and the physical structure of the site to find an overview of past disaster traces on the Cot Sidi Abdullah Site and discover knowledge of past disaster contributions as part of the lessons learned by the community for disaster risk reduction efforts in Aceh. The results of this study indicate that based on environmental surveys and archaeological excavations and library data integration, a description of natural disaster phenomena in the form of earthquakes and floods that had hit the Cot Sidi Abdullah Site and surrounding areas in the past was found. The integration of archaeological, geological, and historical data in this study illustrates that Aceh's civilization grew and developed attached to the phenomenon of natural disasters. This knowledge must be shared and reproduced in the form of interesting literacy so that it becomes part of the disaster mitigation system that can change people's attitudes and behavior towards the importance of preparedness in reducing disaster risk in Aceh. Keywords: past disasters, archaeology, Cot Sidi Abdullah site, lessons learned, disaster risk reduction