PENGATURAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA YANG DILAKUKAN PENGUNGSI INTERNASIONAL DI INDONESIA Ida Tutia Rakhmi Mujibussalim Mahfud *** ABSTRAK ** * Pasal 2 Konvensi 1951 yang berisi tentang kewajiban dari pengungsi yang harus ditaati ketika berada di suatu wilayah Negara, tetapi masalah pengungsi dan perpindahan penduduk di dalam maupun di luar negeri merupakan persoalan yang paling sulit dihadapi masyarakat dunia. Adanya pengungsi disebabkan oleh keadaan yang memburuk dalam ranah politik, ekonomi dan sosial suatu negara tersebut sehingga memaksa masyarakatnya untuk meninggalkan negara dan mencari perlindungan untuk menyelamatkan diri dari bahaya yang mengancam. Indonesia tidak meratifikasi Konvensi 1951 beserta Protokol 1967 tentang Pengungsi. Dan di dalam Konvensi 1951 dan Protokol 1967 juga tidak dijelaskan secara spesifik, mekanisme penegakan hukum terhadap pengungsi yang melakukan tindakan kriminalitas di negara transit, khususnya indonesia. Indonesia sendiri masih belum memiliki peraturan hukum tegas mengenai penanganan dan penetapan status pengungsi tanpa dokumen yang jelas. Selain itu, Indonesia juga belum meratifikasi Konvensi tahun 1951 dan Protokolnya tahun 1967 yang membahas mengenai status pengungsi. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, yang menjadi pokok permasalahannya adalah Bagaimana aturan hukum dan metode penyelesaian terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh pengungsi Internasional di Indonesia? Apa akibat hukum terhadap Negara yang belum meratifikasi Konvensi 1951 dan Protokol 1967 tentang pengungsi? Bagaimana Kedudukan dari Prinsip Non-Refoulment dalam penanganan Pengungsi Internasional yang melakukan tindak pidana di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan Untuk mengetahui aturan hukum dan metode penyelesaian diterapkan ketika pengungsi melakukan tindak pidana di wilayah Indonesia, sedangkan Indonesia tidak meratifikasi Konvensi Pengungsi ini sendiri. Untuk mengetahui akibat hukum dari tidak diratifikasinya konvensi 1951 dan protokol 1967. Dan kedudukan Prinsip Non-Refoulement ketika pengungsi melakukan tndak pidana di wilayah hukum Indonesia. Jenis metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dan penelitian hokum normatif. Pendekatan penelitian hukum yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 4 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan teori kedaulatan dan juga yurisdiksi negara maka kasus pidana yang dilakukan pengungsi dapat diproses berdasarkan hukum nasional, penjelasan ini tertera pada Pasal 2 Konvensi 1951 yang berisi tentang kewajiban dari pengungsi yang harus ditaati ketika berada di suatu wilayah Negara. UU Imigrasi sendiri mempunyai kewenangan yang terbatas, dan tidak mengatur mengenai Prinsip nonrefoulement. Indonesia meskipun saat ini telah memiliki Peraturan Presiden Nomor 125 Tahun 2016 Tentang Penanganan Pengungsi Luar Negeri, tetapi Indonesia tidak mengatur secara khusus mengenai prinsip non-refoulement. Akibat hukum dari Indonesia yang belum meratifikasi Konvensi Internasional ini maka pemerintah Indonesia tidak mempunya kewenangan untuk menetapkan dan memberikan status Oleh karena itu disarankan, bahwa penyelesaian kasus di mana pengungsi melakukan tindak pidana di wilayah hukum Indonesia biasanya akan dilakukan melalui jalur Non Litigasi, yaitu cara penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan dikembangkan dengan istilah Alternative Dispute Resolution Kata Kunci : Pengungsi Internasional, Tindak Pidana, Prinsip Non-Refoulement, Ratifikasi Konvensi. * ** *** Mahasiswa Pembimbing I Pembimbing II LAW ARRANGEMENT ON CRIMINAL ACTIONS WAS CONDUCTED BY INTERNASIONAL REFUGEES IN INDONESIA Ida Tutia Rakhmi Mujibussalim Mahfud *** ABSTRACT ** * Article 2 Convention of the refugees which contains the obligations of refugees who must be obeyed when in an Indonesia territory. The problem of refugees and migration inside and outside the country are the most difficult problem faced by the world community. The refugees caused by a bad circumstance in the political, economic and social realm of a country, then force the people to leave the country and seek refuge to save themselves from threatening dangers. Indonesia does not ratify the 1951 Refugee Convention and Protocol 1967 Relating to The Status of Refugees, but how about refugees was committed criminal acts. In the 1951 Convention of Refugee and the 1967 Protocol also not define specifically about law enforcement mechanisms against refugees who commit crimes in transit countries, especially Indonesia. Indonesia itself still does not have an explicit regulation in handling and determining refugees' status without any documents. In addition, Indonesia has not ratified the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the status of refugees. Based on the above description, the main issue is what is the regulation and the method of arrangement to criminal acts who committed by refugees in Indonesia? What is the consequence of law to the country doesn’t ratified the 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol relating to the status of Refugees? Where is the Position out of Non-Refoulment Principle in the handling of Criminal Actions was Conducted by Internasional Refugees in Indonesia? This study aims to find out and explain the regulation and the method of arrangement to criminal acts who committed by refugees in Indonesia, the consequence of law to the country doesn’t ratify the 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol Relating to the status of Refugees and where is the position of nonrefoulement Principle when refugees commit criminal offenses in the jurisdiction of Indonesia. The research methods used in this study were the juridical normative legal research method. There were 4 The results of the research was based on the theory of sovereignty and the jurisdiction of the state and the non-refoulement Principle where the criminal cases were committed by the refugees can be processed under competence national law, this was explained in Article 2 Convention of the refugees which contains the obligations of refugees who must be obeyed when in an Indonesia territory but Indonesia as a member of the international community is bounded by International Customary Law, that was the Non-Refoulement Principle. This principle declares that a country should not evict or return the refugees in any way, to the other territorial border of the country that will be threatened life, freedom and human right the refugees. The Immigration Law itself has limited authority and does not regulate the Criminal Settlement actions committed by International Refugees, however, the refugees were prosecuted in rudenim by way of isolation. And the most cases that occurred during the evacuation was solved in kinship because international refugees could not be processed with deportation as they were protected by the non-refoulement Principle. Indonesia even though has a Presidential Regulation No. 125 of 2016 on the Handling of Foreign Refugees, but Indonesia does not specifically regulate the principle of non-refoulement. As a result from not ratified the 1951 International Convention and 1967 Protocol on Refugee Status, the Indonesian government has no authority to establish and grant refugee status determination and also can’t screen for such immigrants as asylum seekers, refugee handling in Indonesia relies solely on and cooperates with UNHCR and IOM in determining refugee status. The absence of authority in determining refugee status causes displaced residing in Indonesia because in determining RSD by UNHCR takes a really long time, up to tens of years as experienced by Vietnam refugees in Galang Island. So it was feared to security, economic and social impact. other impacts are occurrence criminal cases committed by international refugees during their stay in Indonesia’s rudenim. The application of non-refoulement principle to refugees in Indonesia as a country isn’t a party to the 1951 Geneva convention was based on the principle of jus cogens as an international customary law as set in Article 33 of the 1951 Convention concerning refugee status which prohibits the state from expelling or returning a person to a country of origin where life and freedom are threatened. Therefore advisable is the settlement of cases in which refugees commit criminal offenses in the Indonesian jurisdiction will normally be conducted through the Non-Litigation path, the way out-of-court dispute resolution is developed was called Alternative Dispute Resolution Keywords: International Refugees, Crimes, Non-Refoulement Principles, Ratification of the Convention. * ** *** Student Chairman Of Supervising Committee I Chairman Of Supervising Committee II