This study aimed to determine the effect of spacing and proper Phosphate fertilizer on growth and yield of peanut plants, as well as to determine whether or not the real interaction between the two factors. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture Experiment Syiah Kuala University in Banda Aceh, which was implemented in October 2012 until January 2013. Materials used in the study of groundnut seed varieties Elephants, urea, KCl and Phosphate fertilizers. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD ) Pattern 3 x 4 factorial with 3 replications. There are 2 factors studied, spacing consists of 3 levels : 40 cm x 10 cm, 40 cm x 20 cm, and 40 cm x 30 cm. While the factors Phosphate fertilizer consists of 4 levels is 0 kg/ha, 36 kg/ha, 72 kg/ha and 108 kg/ha. Thus there are 12 combinations of treatment with 36 units of the experiment. Variables measured were plant height at 15, 30 and 45 days after planting, the number of effective root nodules per clump, number of pods per cluster pithy (fruit), the number of empty pods per cluster (of fruit), dried pods pithy weight per hill (g), dry weight of 100 seeds (g), and dry weight of seeds per hectare (t/ha). The results showed that treatment spacing very significant effect on plant height at age 15, 45 days after planting, and the number of effective nodules per clump, and dry weight of seeds per hectare (ton), and a significant effect on plant height at 30 days after planting, will but did not significantly affect the number of pods per cluster pithy (fruit), the number of empty pods per cluster (fruit), pithy pods dry weight per hill (fruit), dried beans weighing 100 grains (g) peanut plants. Growth and yield of groundnut best found in treatment plant spacing 40 cm x 20 cm. Phosphate fertilizer treatment very significant effect on plant height at 30 days after planting, the number of effective root nodules per clump, and pithy pods dry weight per hill (g), and a significant effect on the number of pods per cluster pithy (fruit), and the weight of dry beans per hectare (ton), did not significantly affect plant height at age 15, 45 days after planting, the number of empty pods per cluster (of fruit), and a dry weight of 100 seeds (g) peanut plants. Growth and yield of peanut plants best observed in Phosphate fertilizer treatment 72 kg P2O5 per ha. There is no real interaction between spacing treatment with Phosphate fertilizer to all components of growth and yield of groundnut . Keyword : Peanut; Phosphate Fertilizer; effect of spacing