ABSTRACT Eye is one of human senses which has a great function. Eyes diseases such as refraction disorder will deprive the function seriously. The refraction disorder which is primarily miopy, mostly suffered by children in school age. This quite much affects on ability of absorbing the learning materials and hearing because 30% of information absorbed by seeing and hearing. The purpose of this research is to determine characteristics and correlation between the uncorrected-severe refraction disorder with children learning achievement in SD Negeri 54 of Banda Aceh. The research is conducted analytically descriptive with cross-sectional approaching during the period of July – December 2012, and data collecting was conducted in September 2012. The samples consist of 227 children (grade III-grade V) that meet the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. Learning achievement data was taken based on average scores on children’s report of semester II of 2011-2012 school year. The refraction status is measured by subjective refraction measurement using snallen chart. The result showed that figure of refraction status obtained (83,3%) does not have any refraction disorder, while (15,9%) of it has slight refraction disorder, (0,4%) of it has medium refraction disorder and (0,4%) has severe refraction disorder. Keyword : characterization of refraction disorder, learning achievement.