Abstrak

Baca Juga : PENGAYAAN PUPUK ORGANIK LIMBAH CANGKANG PALA DENGAN CENDAWAN ENDOFIT ISOLAT ASAL PALA UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN PALA (MYRISTICA FRAGRANS HOUTT) (rahmad iqbal, 2015) ,

Baca Juga : EKSPLORASI DAN POTENSI BAKTERI ENDOFIT ISOLAT PALA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN TANAMAN PALA (MYRISTICA FRAGAN HOUTT) TERHADAP SERANGAN PENYAKIT MATI RANTING (HURI AFRINA DEWI, 2016) ,

erma sp. berupa kompetisi ruang, nutrisi, dan mikoparasit berupa pembelitan hifa (coiling hyphae). mekanisme antagonisme in vitro isolat cendawan endofit verticillium sp. berupa pelisisan hifa (antibiosis). rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap (ral) pola non-faktorial dengan 6 perlakuan dan 7 ulangan yaitu k0 (kontrol tanpa cendawan endofit dan cendawan patogen scytalidium sp); k- (kontrol + cendawan patogen scytalidium sp. tanpa cendawan endofit); k+ (kontrol + cendawan patogen scytalidium sp. tanpa cendawan endofit) + fungisida; e1 (isolat cendawan endofit 1 + cendawan patogen scytalidium sp), e2 (isolat cendawan endofit 2 + cendawan patogen scytalidium sp.); dan e(1+2) (isolat cendawan endofit (1 dan 2) + cendawan patogen scytalidium sp.). pengamatan dilakukan terhadap intensitas serangan pada akar, satu bulan setelah inokulasi. hasil pengujian in vivo menunjukkan bahwa pada kontrol setril (k0), e1, e2, e(1+2) tidak menunjukkan gejala pada akar bahkan terjadi pumbuhan ujung-ujung akar lateral. perlakuan k- menunjukkan gejala busuk pada akar, kambium menghitam, terdapat miselia cendawan patogen dan tanaman mati pucuk. perlakuan k+ menunjukkan gejala nekrotik pada akar namun tanaman masih sehat. kata kunci : cendawan endofit, penyakit mati ranting, cendawan patogen (scytalidium sp.), mati pucuk, tanaman pala exploration and potency of endophytic fungus the origin of the nutmeg plant (myristica fragrans houtt) as biological control agent of dead branches disease (scytalidium sp.) abstract this study aims to explore the endophytic fungi isolated from nutmeg plants from south aceh and their potential to control dead branches desease on nutmeg plants caused scytalidium sp. in vitro and in vivo. this research was conducted at the laboratory of plant disease, department of plant protection, syiah kuala university started from march 2014 until december 2016. the results of the exploration study founded 4 endophytic fungi, as trichoderma sp. mucor sp., verticllium sp. and fusarium sp. the highest percentage inhibition test of endophytic fungi on pathogenic fungi scytalidium sp. were trichoderma sp. that is equal to 80.21%, following verticillium sp. amounting to 70.00%. the mechanism of in vitro antagonism of endophytic fungi trichoderma sp. have been showed on the form of space, nutrition, and mycoparasites (coiling hyphae) while verticillium sp. showing the thinning of hyphae (antibiosis). the design experiment used in this study was completely randomized design (ral) of non-factorial pattern with 6 treatments and 7 replications ie k0 (without endophytic fungus and scytalidium pathogenic fungi); k- (control with pathogenic fungus scytalidium without endophytic fungus), k+ (control with pathogenic fungus scytalidium without endophytic fungus) + fungicide; e1 (isolate of endophytic fungus 1+ pathogenic fungus scytalidium sp.); e2 (isolate of endophytic fungus 2 + pathogenic fungus scytalidium sp ), and (e1+2) (isolate of endophytic fungus 1 and 2 + pathogenic fungus scytalidium sp). observations were made on the disease incidence of the roots, at one month after inoculation. the reults in vivo at the control (k0), e1, e2, snd e1+2 showed no no symptoms and roots more healthy, otherwise k- treatment shown in dieback symptom. the symptoms on the k- treatment without endophyt fungi with roots rot, black spot, leaf drying and than finally dieback. the k+ treatment without endophyt but adding fungicide show necrotic symptoms in the roots but the plants are still healthy. keywords: endophytic fungi, dead branches, patogenic fungi (scytalidium sp.), dieback, nutmeg

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